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快三开户2023-01-31 16:05

新时代新征程新伟业 | 百年红茶“坦洋工夫”发祥地:产业兴,乡村兴******

  中新网宁德11月28日电 题:百年红茶“坦洋工夫”发祥地:产业兴,乡村兴

  中新网记者 吕巧琴 叶茂

  晒青、搓揉、发酵、焙干……八道工序背后的匠心,折射的是中国百年红茶“坦洋工夫”传统制作技艺的传承。如今,一片茶叶,也铺就了“坦洋工夫”发祥地——福建宁德福安市社口镇坦洋村的乡村振兴路。

  走进坦洋村,只见村落四周的千亩茶园延绵起伏,绿意盎然。村中,茶行沿街一字排开,茶香飘溢;古民居、古茶行(横楼)、炮楼、廊桥、祠堂等清代风格古建筑,诉说着古老茶村的悠久历史。

古老茶村吸引游人流连忘返。 吴庆堂 摄古老茶村吸引游人流连忘返。 吴庆堂 摄

  名茶复兴

  坦洋村民世代以茶为生。相传,清咸丰、同治年间,坦洋茶商胡福四(又名胡进四)试制红茶成功,经广州运销西欧,茶商接踵而来并设洋行。1915年,“坦洋工夫”红茶荣获巴拿马万国博览会金奖,成为当时欧洲最流行的饮品之一。抗日战争时期海路中断,贸易受阻,“坦洋工夫”逐渐走向没落。2006年起,在政府和茶人推动下,“坦洋工夫”重新回到人们的视野。

  作为“坦洋工夫”创始人之一胡福四的后人,早年赴香港创业的胡新颖2009年回乡投资800万美元,成立新世基坦洋(福建)茶业集团有限公司,并在坦洋村建设茶文化园,希望重塑“坦洋工夫”品牌,带动父老乡亲增收致富。

坦洋村内,古建筑保存完好。 张斌 摄坦洋村内,古建筑保存完好。 张斌 摄

  “将茶产业做大做强,带动更多的农户增收致富,这是我们的心愿。”新世基坦洋(福建)茶业集团有限公司现一年产茶2万斤,带动200多户农户。总经理胡少惠近日接受中新网记者采访时表示,将持续提升茶叶品质,让更多人种好茶、制好茶、喝好茶。

  “绿叶”变“金叶”

  看到“坦洋工夫”逐渐复兴,在外经商的坦洋村村民李岩忠也回村创立了一家茶作坊,以传统工艺制茶,逐步扩大加工规模。经过多年发展,李岩忠的茶作坊已变为800多平方米的茶叶加工厂,年产茶达7万多斤。

  “对‘坦洋工夫’的发展充满信心”,为扩大辐射效应,李岩忠和村民投入160万元(人民币,下同),于2014年注册成立“福安市坦洋领头洋合作社”。这个合作社面向社口镇及周边乡镇收购茶青,每年收购茶青达35万斤;同时,引导农户改种金牡丹新品种,茶园亩产值从原来的三四千元增至近万元。

在坦洋村,“坦洋工夫”红茶传统制作技艺依旧传承。 郑健雄 摄在坦洋村,“坦洋工夫”红茶传统制作技艺依旧传承。 郑健雄 摄

  “以金牡丹为原料加工而成的创新型‘坦洋工夫’,果香蜜韵、花香迷人,深受客商和市场欢迎。”李岩忠表示,希望不断壮大合作社,实现种植、采摘、加工和营销一体化,逐步发展休闲茶旅。

  一片叶子,成就了一个产业,富裕了一方百姓。2021年,该村茶园种植面积扩大到4000多亩,茶产量1400多吨,综合产值3.4亿元;八成以上人口涉茶,人均可支配收入达2.8万元。

  “坦洋工夫”红茶也已先后获得“国家地理标志保护产品”“国家证明商标”“全国绿色食品”“中国驰名商标”等荣誉称号,品牌价值达44.47亿元。“绿叶”变“金叶”,茶产业成为古老茶村振兴的重要依托。

坦洋村村民在采茶。 蒲允静 摄坦洋村村民在采茶。 蒲允静 摄

  科技赋能,茶旅融合

  科技赋能,成为当地茶产业提档升级的“加速器”。坦洋村5G智慧茶园内,一排排高清摄像头紧贴地面,对茶树情况进行实时拍摄,自动采集和监测园区病虫害信息。

  2020年5月,全国5G农业智慧茶园示范区落户福安市坦洋茶场,通过5G网络在远方依托电脑或手机即可实现施肥、灌溉、监控病虫害等,实现“数字+”与茶产业的有机融合,促使茶叶生产更精准、茶园管理更节本增效、茶业更绿色高质量发展,为产好茶提供有力保障。

坦洋茶场让消费者喝上放心茶。 吕巧琴 摄坦洋茶场让消费者喝上放心茶。 吕巧琴 摄

  坦洋茶场场长郑明星说,智慧茶园实现成本降低和管理自动化,同时通过可视化的过程,让消费者还可以看到茶园是如何管理、提升茶叶品质的,让消费者喝上放心茶。

  昔日荒山变身“茶海”,坦洋村也在传统茶业基础上催生出茶园旅游新业态,打造独特的“坦洋情意村”,每年吸引一批批游客、学子到村中旅游、研学。在村民林正锦看来,学生上山采茶、进厂加工茶叶,对“坦洋工夫”的推广也有很大的帮助。

  社口镇镇长陆绚表示,以“茶乡观光休闲+特色民宿+茶文化研学”的发展模式,结合每年举办开茶节、斗茶赛,打响“坦洋工夫”茶品牌,推动坦洋村走出一条生态茶园“绿”、文化底蕴“浓”、茶事活动“热”的茶旅融合新路子。(完)

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    中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

      中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

      资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

      由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

      麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

      一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

      此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

      作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

      美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

      这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

      从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

      两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

      House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

      (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

      The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

      Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

      On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

      On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

      Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

      As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

      But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

      CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

      This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

      Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

      From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

      Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

      The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

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